Information and Communication Technologies in Human Life

Historically, the industrial revolution in the second half of the twentieth century spearheaded the transformation towards a technologically advanced society. Development of such a society needed unrestricted access to information, the most valuable resource and commodity. Creation, organization and access to information became the most important activity of nations who were eager to prosper. The research in the field of Information and Communication Technologies or ICTs resulted in the development of more products and services in all spheres of human life. The impact is more evident in service oriented sectors such as health, banking, education, transportation and libraries.

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Let us primarily understand the two rather interchangeably used concepts, Information Technology (IT) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) by studying two definitions. The first broader definition is by UNESCO whereas the second one, Library and information Science oriented towards Library and Information Science, is by the American Library Association (ALA).
UNESCO defines Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as “the hardware and software that enable society to create, consolidate and communicate information in multimedia formats and for various purposes''. It means, ICTs include both networks (fixed, wireless, satellite and broadcasting) and applications (internet, database management systems and multimedia tools).
The American Library Association (1983) defines Information Technology (IT) as “the application of computers and other technologies to the acquisition, organization, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information. The computers are used to process and store data, while telecommunications technology provides information communication tools, which make it possible for users to access databases and link them to other computer networks at different locations.”
The impact of the ICT's on libraries and information centers is most felt by two basic fields. These are:
i. Management of information resources (library housekeeping operations), and
ii. Delivery of library and information services.
The execution of library housekeeping operations such as acquisition, cataloguing, circulation, serials control, etc. are now enabled by or based on a number of information and communication technologies. The most important one is the Integrated Library Management System (ILM's). Modern libraries now function in a completely networked and automated environment where every operation is done with the help of one or many of information or communication based tools or technologies.
When we think about the delivery of library and information services, it is nearly impossible to carry them out without the help of ICTs. Internet has become the most visible and dependable information gatherer and discriminator for a researcher as well as a layman. A user can now access information at any given time from any corner of the globe with the help of a number of devices and technologies. More and more libraries are

redesigning their traditional services and devising new or innovative strategies to live up to the expectations of the users. Incorporation of new ICT based user services helps them to realize these efforts.

How can we overcome from ‘Dangers of Adobe Flash Player’

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Adobe Flash Player is very common software to view videos and animations. Many of vendors like to use older version of the software without knowing the danger and hazards of it. There are plug in link to watch videos online and need Adobe Flash Player to do so. I would suggest think twice before clicking on plug in link. But why it said? Because of the viruses and hackers which come through such plug in. Your computer may work differently when it occurs. Anti-virus that you think is enough to overcome this insecurity is not enough and those hackers are not easy to dictate.

Today, Adobe flash Player is very much known for its vulnerabilities. Many of users are not aware of this type of dangers. A large number of vendors are ignoring such situations. Actually, they are unaware of the case. The unknown vulnerabilities can damage you browsers or computer easily. Even your latest quality Anti-virus only comes second best in this situation.

The dangers had already dictated by big developers. Giants like Google and Apple already taken necessary steps in order to protect themselves. They had blocked Adobe Flash Player as a plug in; instead of that, they are using their own software. Mozilla Firefox also taken secures steps and blocked the plug in to avoid problems that would occur on the pages. An updated latest version of Adobe Flash Player can end up this blocking. On the other side, top browsers such as Google Chrome, Opera and Safari allow older version of Adobe Flash Player. Regular update of the software always gives more security to the vendors.

Vulnerabilities are not issue for vendors only, it worries developers too. Computer developers like of Microsoft and Macintosh well aware of such problems. The fact is they dictated the vulnerabilities of older version of Abode Flash Player (16.0.0 296). Experts of Microsoft Company dictated the unknown vulnerabilities. Means, the vendors who are using this version are under threat of hackers. Experts launched an updated version of flash player to secure their users.

In 2015, the attacks came on the month of January. It went worse as the hackers targeted the online advertisements. The situation called as Zero- Day vulnerabilities. There are not less than 18 Zero-Day vulnerabilities in last two years. Three of those targeted Adobe Flash Player.

What are Zero-day vulnerabilities? Zero-Day vulnerability is nothing but the cyber attacks by the team of hackers. Those problems cannot be resolved easily. Those are not patch or fix problems. According to experts, those are holes of security for users. The hackers are always seem to ready to exploit such holes. The dangers would come anytime without giving information to the vendors. The last zero-Day vulnerability came for Adobe flash player on July, 2015, known as CVE-2015-5123. Hackers had stolen almost 400 GB data. Experts of the company dictated that and resolved the situation.

If you get attacks of vulnerabilities, you have nothing to do but wait. You have to wait for developers’ reaction on this. They may take little time to fix those problems and updated the software. In fact, Microsoft Company fixes or patched security problems on every second Tuesday of each month. Adobe flash player is also the part of their development. So, to avoid such problems and hazards, vendors need to update their Adobe Flash Player on regular basis.